Cov Khoom Siv Txias Thermoelectric (thermoelectric module) hauv Frontier Technological Applications

Cov Khoom Siv Txias Thermoelectric hauv Frontier Technological Applications

Cov khoom siv cua txias thermoelectric, thermoelectric cooling modules—feem ntau hu ua thermoelectric coolers (TECs)—yog cov kev daws teeb meem thermal tswj uas ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj qhov txav mus los, ua rau ntsiag to, teb tau zoo, thiab tswj tau meej. Lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo—xws li cov qauv me me, scalability, kev ntseeg tau nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, thiab kev tswj hwm qhov kub hauv zos—tau tso lawv ua cov neeg pab tseem ceeb thoob plaws ntau thaj chaw, suav nrog cov khoom siv txawj ntse, kev sib txuas lus optical ceev ceev, kev tshawb fawb cryogenic, microelectronics thermal tswj, biomedical systems, thiab aerospace/depth-sea exploration.

1. Kev Siv AI Computing Infrastructure thiab Kev Sib Txuas Lus High-Speed ​​Optical

Qhov kev nce ntxiv ntawm lub zog ceev ntawm AI accelerators thiab kev siv 800G / 1.6T optical transceivers tau ua rau muaj kev cov nyom thermal hauv cov txheej txheem computing thiab kev sib txuas lus tiam tom ntej. TECs daws qhov "phab ntsa cua sov" no los ntawm kev xa cov chaw tsom mus rau qhov chaw, kev tswj hwm thermal siab.

• Kev ruaj khov ntawm cov module optical: Cov laser diodes hauv cov modules optical ceev ceev qhia tau tias muaj zog wavelength nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ncaj qha nrog cov chip optical, thermoelectric modules, peltier devices, TECs tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke hauv ± 0.5 ° C, yog li txo qhov wavelength drift thiab txo cov nqi yuam kev me ntsis (BER) hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv.

• Kev tswj cua sov ntawm AI server: Hauv cov racks suav AI uas muaj qhov ceev ceev, cov khoom siv peltier, Thermoelectric modules, TECs tau tsim ntau ntxiv rau qhov ceev ceev ntawm cov cua sov (>100 W/cm²) thiab kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, muab kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau GPUs, TPUs, thiab kev sib txuas.

2. Kev Siv Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Siab Tshaj Plaws thiab Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Deep-Cryogenic

Cov ntaub ntawv thermoelectric thiab cov qauv tsim tshiab tab tom nthuav dav cov kev txwv kev ua haujlwm mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem kub qis heev thaum txhim kho kev kuaj pom tseeb.

• Kev txias txias tob tob: Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Tongji University tau tsim lub tshuab txias Thomson raws li cov khoom siv hloov pauv theem YbInCu₄. Ua haujlwm hauv 38 K (~−235 °C), nws tau ua tiav qhov txias ruaj khov ΔT tshaj 5 K—sawv cev rau kev tawg ua tej daim hauv kev txias khov kho rau cov ntawv thov quantum thiab low-temperature physics.

• Kev thaij duab siab heev: Cov TECs me me uas muaj ntau theem me me, cov modules peltier me me (TEC modules) ua rau lub tshuab ntes txias txog −60 °C–−80 °C hauv cov infrared focal plane arrays, X-ray spectrometers, thiab cov sensors astronomical. Qhov kev txo qis ntawm lub suab nrov thermal no ua rau lub teeb liab-rau-suab nrov (SNR) zoo dua, ua rau muaj kev daws teeb meem siab hauv qab lub teeb tsawg heev lossis cov xwm txheej nqus tsev.

3. Kev Tswj Xyuas Kub Me Me rau Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Siab

Thaum cov semiconductor nodes nce mus rau qis dua 3 nm, cov hotspots hauv zos yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev ua haujlwm, kev ntseeg siab, thiab cov txiaj ntsig. Cov micro-thermoelectric coolers (micro-TECs), micro thermoelectric modules, mico peltier elements muab kev tswj hwm thermal on-die lossis near-die nrog lub sijhawm teb sub-millisecond.

• Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab: Ib pab pawg tshawb fawb ntawm Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) tau tsim ib lub micro-TEC uas siv magnesium-bismuth, micro peltier module (micro peltier device) uas muaj zog txias zoo dua hauv chav tsev (>500 W/cm³) thiab teb sai sai. Nws tau raug xa mus rau kev tswj cua sov ntawm microcontroller unit (MCU) cores.

• Kev txias rau ntawm lub chip thiab cov khoom siv: Micro-TECs, micro-peltier elements, micro thermoelectric modules, Micro TEC modules tau sib xyaw ncaj qha rau ntawm cov CPUs ua haujlwm siab, LiDAR emitters, thiab RF front-end modules. Lawv cov qauv tsim uas sib xws nrog footprint ua rau muaj kev tshem tawm hotspot ntawm qhov micron scale, kom ntseeg tau tias kev suav lej ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qab kev thauj khoom thermal ruaj khov.

4. Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob thiab Kev Saib Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv Txias

TECs, TEC modules (thermoelectric cooling modules) txhawb nqa lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm biomedical los ntawm kev sau qoob loo lub zog tsis siv neeg thiab kev tswj hwm thermal nquag - ob qho tib si tseem ceeb rau kev siv implantable thiab logistics-sensitive.

• Lub zog thiab cua txias uas cog tau: Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm MIT tau ua qauv qhia txog ib daim zaj duab xis thermoelectric nyias nyias uas yooj ywm uas cog rau hauv cov qauv npua. Siv qhov kub thiab txias ~ 2.5 K ntawm cov nqaij ntawm lub cev thiab daim tawv nqaij sab nraud, lub cuab yeej tau muab lub zog rau lub tshuab ua pa rau lub plawv tas li rau cuaj lub hlis—qhia tias lub zog ntawm lub cev sib xyaw ua ke mus sij hawm ntev.

• Kev saib xyuas tus kheej ntawm cov khoom siv txias: Cov cim ntsuas kub uas muaj cov thermoelectric generators (TEGs) tau muab tso rau hauv Pfizer's mRNA vaccine logistics. Cov sensors no sau cov zog thermal los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias sab hauv-sab nraud ntawm lub chaw thauj khoom kom tsav wireless telemetry—tshem tawm kev vam khom roj teeb thiab ua kom muaj kev sau cov ntaub ntawv kub thiab txias tas mus li, tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los.

5. Cov Txheej Txheem Ib Puag Ncig Uas Nyuaj: Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Huab Cua thiab Dej Hiav Txwv tob

Cov thev naus laus zis thermoelectric muab kev tswj hwm thermal thiab fais fab zoo, tsis tas yuav saib xyuas hauv cov chaw uas cov txheej txheem ib txwm ua tsis tiav - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, kev raug hluav taws xob, lossis kev hloov pauv thermal heev.

• Cov platforms tob hauv dej hiav txwv thiab orbital: Hauv Mariana Trench Observation Network uas Nyiv coj, cov modular thermoelectric generators (TEGs) hloov qhov >340 K gradient ntawm hydrothermal vent fluid (~350 °C) thiab ambient seawater (~2 °C) mus rau hauv kilowatt-level continuous power rau deep-sea HD video systems. Tib lub sijhawm, cov qauv thermoelectric superlattice tau koom ua ke rau hauv International Space Station's experimental module rau kev rov qab los ntawm cov cua sov pov tseg thiab kev tswj hwm thermal precision.

• Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev soj ntsuam infrared hauv qhov chaw: Cov khoom siv nqus tsev uas sib xws, tsis yog evaporative micro multi-stage TECs, micro multi-stage peltier modules micro multi stage thermoelectric cooling modules, micro thermoelectric coolers, tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv satellite-borne thiab airborne infrared detectors. Lawv lub peev xwm ua tiav qhov kub ntawm lub detector <100 K hauv cov footprints me me txhawb nqa kev rhiab heev, long-wave infrared (LWIR) imaging rau kev saib xyuas zoo thiab kev soj ntsuam lub ntiaj teb.