Chav txias thermoelectric, peltier cooler (tseem hu ua thermoelectric cooling components) yog cov khoom siv txias khov kho raws li Peltier effect. Lawv muaj qhov zoo ntawm tsis muaj kev txav mus los, tsis muaj refrigerant, me me, teb sai, thiab tswj qhov kub kom raug. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lawv daim ntawv thov hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev kho mob, tsheb thiab lwm yam teb tau txuas ntxiv nthuav dav.
I. Cov Ntsiab Cai Tseem Ceeb ntawm lub tshuab cua txias thermoelectric thiab cov khoom
Lub hauv paus ntawm kev txias thermoelectric yog Peltier effect: thaum ob yam khoom siv semiconductor sib txawv (P-hom thiab N-hom) tsim ib khub thermocouple thiab siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha, ib kawg ntawm khub thermocouple yuav nqus cua sov (qhov kawg txias), thiab lwm qhov kawg yuav tso cua sov (qhov kawg dissipation cua sov). Los ntawm kev hloov qhov kev taw qhia ntawm tam sim no, qhov kawg txias thiab qhov kawg dissipation cua sov tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau.
Nws qhov kev ua kom txias feem ntau nyob ntawm peb qhov tseem ceeb:
Thermoelectric coefficient of merit (ZT tus nqi): Nws yog ib qho cim qhia tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv thermoelectric. Tus nqi ZT siab dua, qhov ua kom txias tau zoo dua.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias: Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov muaj peev xwm txias ntawm qhov txias. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias tsis du, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yuav nqaim, thiab qhov ua kom txias zoo yuav poob qis.
Tam sim no ua haujlwm: Hauv qhov ntau yam ntsuas, qhov nce ntawm tam sim no ua rau lub peev xwm txias dua. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov ntsuas dhau lawm, qhov ua tau zoo yuav txo qis vim yog qhov kub ntawm Joule nce ntxiv.
II Keeb kwm kev loj hlob thiab kev tshawb pom tshiab ntawm cov thermoelectric txias units (peltier txias system)
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv cua txias thermoelectric tau tsom mus rau ob qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb: kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub.
Kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom siv thermoelectric ua tau zoo
Tus nqi ZT ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Bi₂Te₃ ib txwm muaj tau nce mus txog 1.2-1.5 los ntawm kev doping (xws li Sb, Se) thiab kev kho nanoscale.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab xws li lead telluride (PbTe) thiab silicon-germanium alloy (SiGe) ua tau zoo heev hauv qhov kub nruab nrab thiab kub siab (200 txog 500 ℃).
Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab xws li cov ntaub ntawv thermoelectric organic-inorganic composite thiab topological insulators yuav tsum txo cov nqi thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Kev txhim kho cov qauv ntawm cov khoom
Kev tsim qauv me me: Npaj cov thermopiles micron-scale los ntawm MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) thev naus laus zis kom tau raws li qhov xav tau miniaturization ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov qauv: Txuas ntau lub thermoelectric units hauv series lossis parallel los tsim cov thermoelectric txias modules muaj zog siab, peltier coolers, peltier devices, ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau thermoelectric txias hauv kev lag luam.
Cov qauv cua sov sib xyaw ua ke: Sib xyaw cov fins txias nrog cov fins cua sov thiab cov kav dej cua sov kom txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cua sov thiab txo qhov ntim tag nrho.
III Cov xwm txheej siv ntawm cov thermoelectric txias units, thermoelectric txias Cheebtsam
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov thermoelectric txias units yog lawv cov xwm txheej solid-state, tsis muaj suab nrov, thiab tswj tau qhov kub kom meej. Yog li ntawd, lawv tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej uas compressors tsis haum rau kev txias.
Hauv kev lag luam khoom siv hluav taws xob rau cov neeg siv khoom
Kev tshem tawm cua sov ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes: Cov xov tooj ua si siab kawg tau nruab nrog cov micro thermoelectric cooling modules, TEC modules, peltier devices, peltier modules, uas, ua ke nrog cov kua txias, tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ntawm lub nti sai sai, tiv thaiv kev txo qis zaus vim yog overheating thaum ua si.
Cov tub yees tsheb, Cov tub yees tsheb: Cov tub yees tsheb me me feem ntau siv cov thev naus laus zis thermoelectric txias, uas ua ke cov haujlwm txias thiab cua sov (kev cua sov tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev hloov pauv tam sim no). Lawv me me, siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab sib xws nrog 12V fais fab mov ntawm lub tsheb.
Khob dej txias/khob rwb thaiv tsev: Lub khob txias uas nqa tau no muaj lub phaj txias me me uas ua rau hauv, uas tuaj yeem txias cov dej haus sai sai txog 5 txog 15 degrees Celsius yam tsis tas siv lub tub yees.
2. Kev kho mob thiab kev tshawb fawb txog tsiaj txhu
Cov khoom siv tswj qhov kub thiab txias kom raug: xws li cov cuab yeej PCR (polymerase chain reaction instruments) thiab cov tub yees ntshav, xav tau ib puag ncig kub qis uas ruaj khov. Cov khoom siv tub yees semiconductor tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias kom raug hauv ± 0.1 ℃, thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov tub yees.
Cov khoom siv kho mob uas nqa tau yooj yim: xws li cov thawv txias insulin, uas me me thiab muaj roj teeb ntev, yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib nqa thaum tawm mus, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub cia ntawm insulin.
Kev tswj qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv laser: Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob laser (xws li lasers) rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cov khoom siv txias semiconductor tuaj yeem tso cua sov tawm hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
3. Kev lag luam thiab aerospace teb
Cov khoom siv tub yees me me rau kev lag luam: xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob laus kuaj chav thiab cov cuab yeej siv precision ntsuas kub tas li, uas xav tau qhov chaw kub qis hauv zos, cov chav txias thermoelectric, cov khoom thermoelectric tuaj yeem hloov kho nrog lub zog tub yees raws li qhov xav tau.
Cov khoom siv dav hlau: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub dav hlau muaj teeb meem tso cua sov tawm hauv qhov chaw nqus tsev. Cov tshuab cua txias thermoelectric, cov khoom siv cua txias thermoelectric, cov khoom siv thermoelectric, ua cov khoom siv khov kho, muaj kev ntseeg siab heev thiab tsis muaj kev co, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau kev tswj qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov satellites thiab chaw nres tsheb hauv nruab ntug.
4. Lwm yam xwm txheej tshiab tshwm sim
Cov khoom siv hnav tau: Cov kaus mom hlau txias ntse thiab cov khaub ncaws txias, nrog rau cov phaj txias thermoelectric uas ua tau yooj yim, tuaj yeem muab kev txias hauv zos rau tib neeg lub cev hauv qhov chaw kub siab thiab tsim nyog rau cov neeg ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov.
Kev thauj khoom siv cov khoom siv txias: Cov thawv ntim khoom siv cov khoom siv txias me me, siv lub zog los ntawm kev txias thermoelectric, kev txias peltier thiab roj teeb, siv tau rau kev thauj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom tshiab luv luv yam tsis tas yuav siv cov tsheb thauj khoom loj hauv lub tub yees.
IV. Cov Kev Txwv thiab Kev Txhim Kho ntawm cov thermoelectric txias units, peltier txias Cheebtsam
Cov kev txwv uas twb muaj lawm
Qhov ua kom txias txias tsis tshua muaj zog: Nws qhov piv ntawm kev siv zog (COP) feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm 0.3 thiab 0.8, uas qis dua li ntawm compressor txias (COP tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2 txog 5), thiab tsis haum rau cov xwm txheej loj thiab muaj peev xwm txias.
Cov kev xav tau siab rau kev tso cua sov: Yog tias qhov kub ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev tso cua sov tsis tuaj yeem tso tawm raws sijhawm, nws yuav cuam tshuam loj heev rau qhov txias. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub kaw lus tso cua sov zoo, uas txwv qhov kev siv hauv qee qhov xwm txheej me me.
Tus nqi siab: Tus nqi npaj ntawm cov khoom siv thermoelectric ua tau zoo (xws li nano-doped Bi₂Te₃) siab dua li cov khoom siv tub yees ib txwm muaj, ua rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv siab heev.
2. Cov qauv kev loj hlob yav tom ntej
Kev tshawb pom tshiab txog cov khoom siv: Tsim cov khoom siv thermoelectric pheej yig, muaj tus nqi ZT siab, nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev nce tus nqi ZT hauv chav sov mus rau ntau dua 2.0 thiab txo qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog lub tshuab cua txias compressor.
Kev Ywj Pheej thiab kev koom ua ke: Tsim cov thermoelectric txias modules, TEC modules, thermoelectric modules, peltier devices, peltier modules, peltier coolers, kom hloov kho rau cov khoom siv nkhaus (xws li cov xov tooj ntawm tes uas muaj vijtsam ywj pheej thiab cov khoom siv ntse hnav); Txhawb kev koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv thermoelectric txias nrog cov chips thiab sensors kom ua tiav "chip-level temperature control".
Tsim kom txuag hluav taws xob: Los ntawm kev koom ua ke ntawm Internet of Things (iot) thev naus laus zis, kev pib-nres ntse thiab kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom txias tau ua tiav, txo kev siv hluav taws xob tag nrho.
V. Kev Txheeb Xyuas
Cov chav txias thermoelectric, cov chav txias peltier, cov tshuab cua txias thermoelectric, nrog lawv cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua solid-state, ntsiag to thiab tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias, nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov teb xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev kho mob thiab aerospace. Nrog kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov khoom siv thermoelectric thiab kev tsim qauv, cov teeb meem ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig txias thiab tus nqi yuav maj mam zoo dua, thiab nws xav tias yuav hloov cov thev naus laus zis txias ib txwm muaj hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb yav tom ntej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-12-2025
